BeforeAndAfter

Trait that can be mixed into suites that need code executed before and after running each test.

Recommended Usage: Use trait BeforeAndAfter when you need to perform the same side-effects before and/or after tests, rather than at the beginning or end of tests. Note: For more insight into where BeforeAndAfter fits into the big picture, see the Shared fixtures section in the documentation for your chosen style trait.

A test fixture is composed of the objects and other artifacts (files, sockets, database connections, etc.) tests use to do their work. When multiple tests need to work with the same fixtures, it is important to try and avoid duplicating the fixture code across those tests. The more code duplication you have in your tests, the greater drag the tests will have on refactoring the actual production code. Trait BeforeAndAfter offers one way to eliminate such code duplication: a before clause that will register code to be run before each test, and an after clause that will register code to be run after.

Here's an example:

package org.scalatest.examples.flatspec.beforeandafter

import org.scalatest._
import collection.mutable.ListBuffer

class ExampleSpec extends FlatSpec with BeforeAndAfter {

  val builder = new StringBuilder
  val buffer = new ListBuffer[String]

  before {
    builder.append("ScalaTest is ")
  }

  after {
    builder.clear()
    buffer.clear()
  }

  "Testing" should "be easy" in {
    builder.append("easy!")
    assert(builder.toString === "ScalaTest is easy!")
    assert(buffer.isEmpty)
    buffer += "sweet"
  }

  it should "be fun" in {
    builder.append("fun!")
    assert(builder.toString === "ScalaTest is fun!")
    assert(buffer.isEmpty)
  }
}

The before and after methods can each only be called once per Suite, and cannot be invoked after run has been invoked. If either of the registered before or after functions complete abruptly with an exception, it will be reported as an aborted suite and no more tests will be attempted in that suite.

Note that the only way before and after code can communicate with test code is via some side-effecting mechanism, commonly by reassigning instance vars or by changing the state of mutable objects held from instance vals (as in this example). If using instance vars or mutable objects held from instance vals you wouldn't be able to run tests in parallel in the same instance of the test class unless you synchronized access to the shared, mutable state. This is why ScalaTest's ParallelTestExecution trait extends OneInstancePerTest. By running each test in its own instance of the class, each test has its own copy of the instance variables, so you don't need to synchronize. Were you to mix ParallelTestExecution into the ExampleSuite above, the tests would run in parallel just fine without any synchronization needed on the mutable StringBuilder and ListBuffer[String] objects.

Although BeforeAndAfter provides a minimal-boilerplate way to execute code before and after tests, it isn't designed to enable stackable traits, because the order of execution would be non-obvious. If you want to factor out before and after code that is common to multiple test suites, you should use trait BeforeAndAfterEach instead.

The advantage this trait has over BeforeAndAfterEach is that its syntax is more concise. The main disadvantage is that it is not stackable, whereas BeforeAndAfterEach is. I.e., you can write several traits that extend BeforeAndAfterEach and provide beforeEach methods that include a call to super.beforeEach, and mix them together in various combinations. By contrast, only one call to the before registration function is allowed in a suite or spec that mixes in BeforeAndAfter. In addition, BeforeAndAfterEach allows you to access the config map and test name via the TestData passed to its beforeEach and afterEach methods, whereas BeforeAndAfter gives you no access to the config map.

Self Type: BeforeAndAfter with Suite
Source: BeforeAndAfter.scala

Linear Supertypes

SuiteMixin, AnyRef, Any

Abstract Value Members

abstract def expectedTestCount(filter: Filter): Int

The total number of tests that are expected to run when this Suite's run method is invoked.
The total number of tests that are expected to run when this Suite's run method is invoked.
filter
a Filter with which to filter tests to count based on their tags

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def nestedSuites: IndexedSeq[Suite]

An immutable IndexedSeq of this SuiteMixin object's nested Suites.
An immutable IndexedSeq of this SuiteMixin object's nested Suites. If this SuiteMixin contains no nested Suites, this method returns an empty IndexedSeq.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def rerunner: Option[String]

The fully qualified name of the class that can be used to rerun this suite.
The fully qualified name of the class that can be used to rerun this suite.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def runNestedSuites(args: Args): Status

Runs zero to many of this suite's nested suites.
Runs zero to many of this suite's nested suites.
args
the Args for this run
returns
a Status object that indicates when all nested suites started by this method have completed, and whether or not a failure occurred.

Attributes
protected
Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
Exceptions thrown
NullPointerException
if args is null.
abstract def runTests(testName: Option[String], args: Args): Status

Runs zero to many of this suite's tests.
Runs zero to many of this suite's tests.
testName
an optional name of one test to run. If None, all relevant tests should be run. I.e., None acts like a wildcard that means run all relevant tests in this Suite.
args
the Args for this run
returns
a Status object that indicates when all tests started by this method have completed, and whether or not a failure occurred.

Attributes
protected
Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
Exceptions thrown
NullPointerException
if either testName or args is null.
abstract val styleName: String

This suite's style name.
This suite's style name.
This lifecycle method provides a string that is used to determine whether this suite object's style is one of the chosen styles for the project.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def suiteId: String

A string ID for this Suite that is intended to be unique among all suites reported during a run.
A string ID for this Suite that is intended to be unique among all suites reported during a run.
The suite ID is intended to be unique, because ScalaTest does not enforce that it is unique. If it is not unique, then you may not be able to uniquely identify a particular test of a particular suite. This ability is used, for example, to dynamically tag tests as having failed in the previous run when rerunning only failed tests.
returns
this Suite object's ID.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def suiteName: String

A user-friendly suite name for this Suite.
A user-friendly suite name for this Suite.
This trait's implementation of this method returns the simple name of this object's class. This trait's implementation of runNestedSuites calls this method to obtain a name for Reports to pass to the suiteStarting, suiteCompleted, and suiteAborted methods of the Reporter.
returns
this Suite object's suite name.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def tags: Map[String, Set[String]]

A Map whose keys are String names of tagged tests and whose associated values are the Set of tag names for the test.
A Map whose keys are String names of tagged tests and whose associated values are the Set of tag names for the test. If a test has no associated tags, its name does not appear as a key in the returned Map. If this Suite contains no tests with tags, this method returns an empty Map.
Subclasses may override this method to define and/or discover tags in a custom manner, but overriding method implementations should never return an empty Set as a value. If a test has no tags, its name should not appear as a key in the returned Map.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def testDataFor(testName: String, theConfigMap: ConfigMap): TestData

Provides a TestData instance for the passed test name, given the passed config map.
Provides a TestData instance for the passed test name, given the passed config map.
This method is used to obtain a TestData instance to pass to withFixture(NoArgTest) and withFixture(OneArgTest) and the beforeEach and afterEach methods of trait BeforeAndAfterEach.
testName
the name of the test for which to return a TestData instance
theConfigMap
the config map to include in the returned TestData
returns
a TestData instance for the specified test, which includes the specified config map

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def testNames: Set[String]

A Set of test names.
A Set of test names. If this Suite contains no tests, this method returns an empty Set.
Although subclass and subtrait implementations of this method may return a Set whose iterator produces String test names in a well-defined order, the contract of this method does not required a defined order. Subclasses are free to implement this method and return test names in either a defined or undefined order.

Definition Classes
SuiteMixin
abstract def withFixture(test: (BeforeAndAfter.this)#NoArgTest): Outcome

Runs the passed test function with a fixture established by this method.
Runs the passed test function with a fixture established by this method.
This method should set up the fixture needed by the tests of the current suite, invoke the test function, and if needed, perform any clean up needed after the test completes. Because the NoArgTest function passed to this method takes no parameters, preparing the fixture will require side effects, such as initializing an external database.
test
the no-arg test function to run with a fixture

Attributes
protected
Definition Classes
SuiteMixin

Concrete Value Members

final def !=(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

Definition Classes
AnyRef
final def !=(arg0: Any): Boolean

Definition Classes
Any
final def ##(): Int

Definition Classes
AnyRef → Any
final def ==(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

Definition Classes
AnyRef
final def ==(arg0: Any): Boolean

Definition Classes
Any
def after(fun: ⇒ Any): Unit

Registers code to be executed after each of this suite's tests.
Registers code to be executed after each of this suite's tests.
This trait's implementation of runTest executes the code passed to this method after running each test. Thus the code passed to this method can be used to tear down a test fixture needed by each test.

Attributes
protected
Exceptions thrown
NotAllowedException
if invoked more than once on the same Suite or if invoked after run has been invoked on the Suite
final def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0

Definition Classes
Any
def before(fun: ⇒ Any): Unit

Registers code to be executed before each of this suite's tests.
Registers code to be executed before each of this suite's tests.
This trait's implementation of runTest executes the code passed to this method before running each test. Thus the code passed to this method can be used to set up a test fixture needed by each test.

Attributes
protected
Exceptions thrown
NotAllowedException
if invoked more than once on the same Suite or if invoked after run has been invoked on the Suite
def clone(): AnyRef

Attributes
protected[java.lang]
Definition Classes
AnyRef
Annotations
@throws()
final def eq(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

Definition Classes
AnyRef
def equals(arg0: Any): Boolean

Definition Classes
AnyRef → Any
def finalize(): Unit

Attributes
protected[java.lang]
Definition Classes
AnyRef
Annotations
@throws()
final def getClass(): Class[_]

Definition Classes
AnyRef → Any
def hashCode(): Int

Definition Classes
AnyRef → Any
final def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean

Definition Classes
Any
final def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

Definition Classes
AnyRef
final def notify(): Unit

Definition Classes
AnyRef
final def notifyAll(): Unit

Definition Classes
AnyRef
def run(testName: Option[String], args: Args): Status

This trait's implementation of run sets a flag indicating run has been invoked, after which any invocation to before or after will complete abruptly with a NotAllowedException.
This trait's implementation of run sets a flag indicating run has been invoked, after which any invocation to before or after will complete abruptly with a NotAllowedException.
testName
an optional name of one test to run. If None, all relevant tests should be run. I.e., None acts like a wildcard that means run all relevant tests in this Suite.
args
the Args for this run
returns
a Status object that indicates when all tests and nested suites started by this method have completed, and whether or not a failure occurred.

Definition Classes
BeforeAndAfter → SuiteMixin
def runTest(testName: String, args: Args): Status

Run a test surrounded by calls to the code passed to before and after, if any.
Run a test surrounded by calls to the code passed to before and after, if any.
This trait's implementation of this method ("this method") invokes the function registered with before, if any, before running each test and the function registered with after, if any, after running each test. It runs each test by invoking super.runTest, passing along the five parameters passed to it.
If any invocation of the function registered with before completes abruptly with an exception, this method will complete abruptly with the same exception. If any call to super.runTest completes abruptly with an exception, this method will complete abruptly with the same exception, however, before doing so, it will invoke the function registered with after, if any. If the function registered with after also completes abruptly with an exception, this method will nevertheless complete abruptly with the exception previously thrown by super.runTest. If super.runTest returns normally, but the function registered with after completes abruptly with an exception, this method will complete abruptly with the exception thrown by the function registered with after.
testName
the name of one test to run.
args
the Args for this run
returns
a Status object that indicates when the test started by this method has completed, and whether or not it failed .

Attributes
protected
Definition Classes
BeforeAndAfter → SuiteMixin
final def synchronized[T0](arg0: ⇒ T0): T0

Definition Classes
AnyRef
def toString(): String

Definition Classes
AnyRef → Any
final def wait(): Unit

Definition Classes
AnyRef
Annotations
@throws()
final def wait(arg0: Long, arg1: Int): Unit

Definition Classes
AnyRef
Annotations
@throws()
final def wait(arg0: Long): Unit

Definition Classes
AnyRef
Annotations
@throws()

trait BeforeAndAfter extends SuiteMixin

Abstract Value Members

abstract def expectedTestCount(filter: Filter): Int

abstract def nestedSuites: IndexedSeq[Suite]

abstract def rerunner: Option[String]

abstract def runNestedSuites(args: Args): Status

abstract def runTests(testName: Option[String], args: Args): Status

abstract val styleName: String

abstract def suiteId: String

abstract def suiteName: String

abstract def tags: Map[String, Set[String]]

abstract def testDataFor(testName: String, theConfigMap: ConfigMap): TestData

abstract def testNames: Set[String]

abstract def withFixture(test: (BeforeAndAfter.this)#NoArgTest): Outcome

Concrete Value Members

final def !=(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

final def !=(arg0: Any): Boolean

final def ##(): Int

final def ==(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

final def ==(arg0: Any): Boolean

def after(fun: ⇒ Any): Unit

final def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0

def before(fun: ⇒ Any): Unit

def clone(): AnyRef

final def eq(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

def equals(arg0: Any): Boolean

def finalize(): Unit

final def getClass(): Class[_]

def hashCode(): Int

final def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean

final def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

final def notify(): Unit

final def notifyAll(): Unit

def run(testName: Option[String], args: Args): Status

def runTest(testName: String, args: Args): Status

final def synchronized[T0](arg0: ⇒ T0): T0

def toString(): String

final def wait(): Unit

final def wait(arg0: Long, arg1: Int): Unit

final def wait(arg0: Long): Unit

Inherited from SuiteMixin

Inherited from AnyRef

Inherited from Any

Ungrouped